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Skoda FeliciaSince 1994 of releaseRepair and car operation |
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Shkoda Felitsija + Cars of mark Skoda Felicia + The maintenance instruction + Routine maintenance - Engine repair + Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.3 l - Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.6 l The description of the basic knots and mechanisms Reduction of the piston of the first cylinder in position of the top dead point (ВМТ) the end of a step of compression Check компрессионного pressure - an order of carrying out and interpretation of results Removal and installation of a belt of drive ГРМ and its covers Removal, check of a condition and installation of cogwheels and натяжителя a belt of drive ГРМ Removal, installation and adjustment of effort of a tension of a belt of a drive of auxiliary units Removal and installation of a cover of a head of cylinders Replacement of an epiploon of a camshaft Replacement of epiploons of a cranked shaft Removal and installation of a head of cylinders in gathering with the inlet pipeline and a final collector Check of serviceability of functioning of hydraulic pushers Removal, check of a condition and flywheel installation Check of a condition and replacement of support of the power unit Removal and pallet installation картера the engine Removal and installation of the oil pump and маслозаборника + Repair without extraction from the car of the diesel engine + Dismantle of the power unit and engine major repairs + Systems of cooling, heating + The power supply system + Engine electric equipment + Coupling + Transmission + Power shafts + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body and salon furnish + Onboard electric equipment 
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Reduction of the piston of the first cylinder in position of the top dead point (ВМТ) the end of a step of compression The general information
The belt of drive ГРМ is put on cogwheels of cranked and distributive shaft which rotate in a phase with each other. At removal gear газораспределительного a belt in the course of engine service there is a possibility independent проворачивания each of shaft that inevitably conducts to infringement of installation of phases timing. The design of the considered engine does not exclude potential possibility of damage of pistons and valves at blow their friend about the friend near to the top border of a course of pistons in view of absence выборок in the bottoms of the last. For the stated reason correctness of installation of phases timing takes on special significance and is reached at the expense of engine exhibiting before installation газораспределительного a belt in the certain starting position which has received the name of the top dead point (ВМТ). After engine reduction in position ВМТ before putting on of a belt of drive ГРМ проворачивание cranked and distributive shaft in an individual order it is not admissible at all.
As the top dead point (ВМТ) is called the highest point of a piston stroke in the cylinder. Generally speaking, in 4-taktnyh engines in the course of rotation of a cranked shaft the given position is reached by the piston twice: once in the end of a step of compression and the second - in the end of a final step. For performance of options of phases timing and installations of a corner of an advancing of ignition in overwhelming majority of cases it is used ВМТ the end of a step of compression of the piston of the first cylinder. Also it is accepted to name this position position ВМТ of the engine (numbering of cylinders with 1 on 4 is made in a direction from газораспределительного a belt to a flywheel). In one of teeths of a cogwheel of a cranked shaft the flute which combination with a reciprocal label on an epiploon flange confirms reduction of pistons of the first and fourth cylinders in position ВМТ is pierced. However, access to the given cogwheel opens only after removal of the bottom cover газораспределительного a belt, therefore on a face surface of a pulley of a shaft is in addition provided risk which in the considered situation (ВМТ pistons of 1st and 4th cylinders) is combined with a zero mark in the bottom cover of a belt. The camshaft cogwheel also is equipped by the adjusting dot label which combination with the convex index cast on an internal cover газораспределительного of a belt confirms the fact of correct reduction of the engine in position ВМТ when the piston of the first cylinder is in the top dead point of the end of a step of compression. 6 the description of procedures of reduction of the engine in position ВМТ is more low resulted at established and at removed газораспределительном a belt. Engine reduction in position ВМТ at the established belt of drive ГРМ Before to start procedure performance, disconnect a negative wire from the battery.
Disconnect ignition system for what disconnect from a cover central ВВ a wire and by means of a wire-crosspiece earth it on weight of the block of cylinders. In order to avoid casual страгивания the car cock a lay brake and prop up wedges back wheels. Make sure that РКПП it is translated on neutral transfer. Mark position of plug VV of a wire of the first cylinder on a cover of the distributor concerning the case of the last. On some models such marks in the form of special risks are put already on manufacturer. Otherwise track a wire from the first cylinder to a distributor cover, then a marker or a paint (at all a slate pencil!) mark edge of the case of the distributor directly under the corresponding plug. Uncover the distributor (the engine Electric equipment see the Head). Disconnect ВВ wires from spark plugs. Try to remember an order of their connection. For reduction of the piston of any of cylinders in position ВМТ it is necessary to turn a cranked shaft manually. Such проворачивание it is made by means of a face key for the central bolt of fastening of a cogwheel of a shaft (see Has undressed Removal, check of a condition and installation of cogwheels and натяжителя a belt of drive ГРМ). Turn a cranked shaft in normal напрвлении (Specifications in the beginning of the Head) see so that бегунок the distributor was developed by an electrode nouse to a mark of plug VV of a wire of a spark plug of the first cylinder on ободке cases.
Remove the top cover газораспределительного a belt (see Has undressed Removal and installation of a belt of drive ГРМ and its covers) about the purpose of providing of access to the cogwheel of a camshaft located under it. Find adjusting labels on a cogwheel of a camshaft and internal section of a cover of a belt. Continue to rotate a cranked shaft clockwise until labels completely will not be combined. Now find adjusting labels on a pulley of a cranked shaft and the bottom cover of a belt. On a cover there are convex labels in the form of letters Z and 0. When risk on a pulley rim it will be combined with a zero mark, the engine will appear resulted in position ВМТ. Make sure that бегунок the distributor on the former will develop a nouse of an electrode towards a mark of the plug of a candle of the first cylinder in a rim of the case of assemblage. If to achieve simultaneous combination of adjusting labels of shaft and бегунка it is not possible, it is necessary to check up correctness of installation of the distributor. (The engine Electric equipment) see the Head. After performance of all listed conditions it is possible to consider the piston of the first cylinder of the engine resulted in position ВМТ of the end of a step of compression.
Engine reduction in position ВМТ at the removed belt of drive ГРМ The material of the given subsection will help the mechanic-fan to return the engine in position ВМТ in case of infringement of combination of adjusting labels at the removed belt of drive ГРМ during carrying out of major repairs of the power unit. Проворачивание a camshaft at removed газораспределительном a belt and the cranked shaft resulted in position ВМТ can lead to mechanical damages to result of contact of valves with the bottoms of pistons. In view of told, it is necessary to adhere strictly to the performance of procedure stated below an order. Before installation on the engine of a head of cylinders a cranked shaft следцет to turn in a normal direction for the central bolt of fastening of its cogwheel, having resulted pistons of all cylinders in an average part of their course. And, the piston of the first cylinder should be fixed on a course of a step of compression, approximately for 90 before ВМТ. After installation of a head of cylinders and a camshaft cogwheel, find adjusting labels on a cogwheel and internal section of a cover газораспределительного a belt. Having turned a camshaft cogwheel in a normal direction, achieve combination of the mentioned labels.
Now find labels on a cogwheel of a cranked shaft and a flange of its forward epiploon. Now turn a cranked shaft for the central bolt of a wheel in normal напрвлении approximately on 90 (a turn quarter) and achieve combination of labels check up correctness of installation of the distributor (the engine Electric equipment see the Head). After performance of all listed conditions it is possible to consider the piston of the first cylinder of the engine resulted in position ВМТ of the end of a step of compression.
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